PM Modi Strengthens India-Sri Lanka Ties Amid China’s Expanding Influence

In a move that underscores India’s growing strategic assertiveness in South Asia, Prime Minister Narendra Modi concluded a landmark two-day visit to Sri Lanka, the first official visit by a foreign leader since President Anura Kumara Dissanayake took office. The visit signals a clear intent by India to deepen bilateral cooperation and balance the growing Chinese footprint in the region.

A key highlight of the visit was the joint inauguration of a 120-megawatt solar power plant, representing a milestone in Indo-Sri Lankan collaboration on renewable energy. The leaders also presided over the signing of critical energy and defense agreements, aimed at enhancing regional energy security and maritime cooperation in the Indian Ocean.

The agreements come at a time when Sri Lanka is navigating increasing geopolitical interest, particularly from China. Beijing has made substantial infrastructure investments in the island nation, including control of the Hambantota Port and plans for a $3.7 billion oil refinery. India’s engagement — bolstered by a growing partnership with the UAE, which also joined the initiative to develop an energy hub — is seen as a strategic counterbalance to Chinese influence.

However, the agreements sparked domestic backlash in Sri Lanka, with opposition parties and civil groups protesting in Colombo, alleging that the deals infringe on national sovereignty. The Sri Lankan government has defended its decision, emphasizing that strategic partnerships are essential for the country’s economic revival and energy resilience.

Modi’s visit is being viewed as a continuation of India’s “Neighbourhood First” and “SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region)” doctrines, which aim to strengthen ties with neighboring countries while promoting shared prosperity and stability in the Indian Ocean region.

This visit marks an important moment in the complex yet evolving relationship between India and Sri Lanka. As both countries seek to balance economic development with national interest, the road ahead will depend on sustained diplomatic dialogue, mutual respect, and inclusive strategic cooperation.